Spectral approach to the relativistic inverse stellar structure problem

A new method for solving the relativistic inverse stellar structure problem is presented. This method determines a spectral representation of the unknown high-density portion of the stellar equation of state from a knowledge of the total massesM and radii R of the stars. Spectral representations of the equation of state are very efficient, generally requiring only a few spectral parameters to achieve good accuracy. This new method is able, therefore, to determine the high-density equation of state quite accurately from only a few accurately measured 1⁄2M;R data points. This method is tested here by determining the equations of state from mock 1⁄2M;R data computed from tabulated realistic neutron-star equations of state. The spectral equations of state obtained from these mock data are shown to agree, on average, with the originals to within a few percent (over the entire high-density range of the neutron-star interior) using only two 1⁄2M;R data points. Higher accuracies are achieved when more data are used. The accuracies of the equations of state determined in these examples are shown to be nearly optimal, in the sense that their errors are comparable to the errors of the best-fit spectral representations of these realistic equations of state.